Welding Machine - Edwards @ Wiki

Structure Operation Method of Welding Machine

Basic Knowledge of Arc Welding Machine

2.2.1 Characteristics of welding machine

1. Drooping characteristics
   The output current is controlled to be constant with respect to the output voltage.
   The arc length is changed by current adjustment.
   
   
2. Voltage drop with current increase and arc length adjusted.
   Current adjustment range is "Large Charge in Amperge".
   EX: 24 [V] 160 [A] & 180 [A]
   

2.2.2 Types and characteristics excerpts of arc welding machine
         Note "AC": Alternating Current

1. AC Arc Welding Standard
   JIS C 9301
   AW-300
   ・Rated current: 300 [A]
   ・Rated utilization rate: 40 [%]
   ・Rated load voltage
   ・Resistance drop: 35 [V]
   ・Reactance drop voltage: 50 & 60 [Hz]: 0 [V]
   ・Output current
       Maximum current value: 100% or more / 110 [%] or less
       Minimum current value: 20% or less
   ・Maximum no-load voltage: 85 [V] or less
   ・Covered arc welding rod diameter: 2.6 [mm] or more / 6.0 [mm] or less
   
   
2. AC Arc Welding Machine Circuit Outline
   
   
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3. EX: PANASONIC: YK-305AK2
   
   ・Rated output current: 300 [A]
   ・Rated input voltage: 200 [V]
   ・Power supply phase number Single phase
   ・Power supply frequency: 50 [Hz]
   ・Rated input
       Active power: 15.0 k [W]
       Apparent power: 25 k [VA]
   ・Maximum no-load voltage: 24 (80) [V]
   ・Utilization rate: 30 [%]
   ・Rated negative overvoltage: 35 [V]
   ・Reactance negative overvoltage: 0 [V]
   ・Current adjustment range: 60 or more and 300 or less [A]
   ・Specification Welding rod diameter: 2.6 or more and 6 or less [mm]
   ・External dimensions
       Overall width: 260 [mm]
       Depth: 465 [mm]
       Height: 420 [mm]
   ・Weight: 49 [kg]
   ・Electric shock prevention device
       Starting time: about 0.03 [s]
       Required contact time: 0.013 [s] or less
       Delay time: about 1 [s]
   ・Starting sensitivity: 300 [Ω]
   ・Type approval passed: No. TE 101
   ・Earth leakage breaker capacity: 150 [A]
   ・Primary cable: Terminal hole 22 [mm ^ {2}] (for M8)
   ・Secondary cable: Terminal hole 60 [mm ^ {2}] (for M8)
   ・Grounding cable: 14 [mm ^ {2}]
   Caution:
   ・I_{s}: Short-circuit current
   ・I_{w}: Welding current
      I_{w}=I_{s}-40

2.2.3 Characteristics of AC arc welding machine

1. Arc welding is unstable to direct current by AC current.
2. No-load voltage is high with respect to DC voltage by AC voltage.
3. Easy to operate DC welding machine and maintenance is simple.
4. Low cost to DC welding machine.

2.2.4 AC arc welding machine additional circuit

1. Electric shock prevention device
2. Danger of electric shock is high due to high usage rate and no-load voltage to DC voltage welding machine.
3. Electric shock countermeasure circuit for high usage rate and no-load voltage to DC voltage welding machine.
4. The no-load voltage is kept below 25 [V].
5. Maintain 25 [V] for 1 [s] after welding operation.
6. A breaker is incorporated in the welding machine main circuit.
7. Measures against electric leakage by connecting the earth to the welding machine body.
8. Power supply standard
   ・Input voltage 200 [V]: \pm{2}10 [%]
   ・Check power frequency: 50 [Hz] or 60 [Hz] or shared
9. Type of electric wire
   EX: 300 [A]: 60 [mm ^ {2}]