import numpy as np import chainer from chainer import cuda, Function, gradient_check, report, training, utils, Variable from chainer import datasets, iterators, optimizers, serializers from chainer import Link, Chain, ChainList import chainer.functions as F import chainer.links as L from chainer.training import extensions x_data = np.array([5], dtype=np.float32) x = Variable(x_data) y = x**2 - 2 * x + 1 z=y.data y.backward() k=x.grad print(k)