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A |
B |
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a) |
This is the T-shirt. |
I bought it yesterday. |
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b) |
Hakodateis a city. |
Its history is very interesting. |
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c) |
Who is the gentleman? |
She is talking to him. |
①Aの語がBでは代名詞に置き換わっているので、それを探す
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A |
B |
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a) |
This isthe T-shirt. |
I boughtityesterday. |
|
b) |
Hakodateisa city. |
Its history is very interesting. |
|
c) |
Who isthe gentleman? |
She is talking tohim. |
②Bの共通部分の格を判断する
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A |
B |
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a) |
This isthe T-shirt. |
I boughtityesterday. (目的格) |
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b) |
Hakodateisa city. |
Itshistory is very interesting. (所有格) |
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c) |
Who is the gentleman? |
She is talking tohim. (目的格)
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③Bの語を関係代名詞に置きかえる
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A |
B |
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a) |
This isthe T-shirt. |
I boughtwhichyesterday. (目的格) |
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b) |
Hakodateisa city. |
whosehistory is very interesting. (所有格) |
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c) |
Who is the gentleman? |
She is talking towhom. (目的格)
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④関係代名詞を前に出してAの先行詞とBをつなぐ
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関係代名詞を用いて作られた文 |
補足 |
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a) |
This isthe T-shirtwhich I bought yesterday. |
whichはthatでもOK which(目的格)は省略もOK |
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b) |
Hakodateisa citywhose history is very interesting. |
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c) |
Who isthe gentlemanwhom she is talking to? Who isthe gentle manto whom[to thatは×] she is talking to? |
whomはthatでもOK whom(目的格)は省略もOK |
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⑤できた文の確かめをする。先行詞をもとあった場所に置いてみて、正しい英文になれば正解。
the T-shirt(which) I bought yesterday⇒I boughtthe T-shirtyesterday.になるので正解
a citywhose history is very interesting⇒a city’s history is very interesting.になるので正解
the gentleman(whom) she is talking to ⇒She is talking tothe gentleman.になるので正解
① The girl ( ) is sitting on the bench is my sister.
② He is the only man ( ) we can trust.
③ Look at the house ( ) stands on the hill.
④ He lives in the house ( ) roof is green.
これらの問題に解答するには、( )の前後の情報を正確に見極めることが大切である。まずは( )の後ろを眺めてみて、欠落しているものを見つける。
①は( )の後ろがVなのでSが欠落⇒主格
②は( )の後ろがSVだが、trust(~を信頼する)は他動詞なので目的語が必要⇒目的格
③は( )の後ろがVなのでSが欠落⇒主格
④は( )の後ろが無冠詞の「屋根」で始まっているので「何の」屋根なのかの情報が必要⇒所有格
このような情報が読み取れればあとは( )の前の先行詞を見て判断する。注意しなければならないのはthe onlyなどの限定的な意味を伴う先行詞の場合である。これが先行詞に来た場合はthatが好まれる。
The girl ( who ) is sitting on the bench is my sister.
He is the only man ( that ) we can trust.
Look at the house ( which ) stands on the hill.
He lives in the house ( whose ) roof is green.