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Abstract (Army Smokes in the Aerosol Wind Tunnel)
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Abstract
"Evaluate and Characterize Mechanisms Controlling Transport, Fate, and Effects of Army Smokes in the Aerosol Wind Tunnel"
http://oai.dtic.mil/oai/oai?verb=getRecord&metadataPrefix=html&identifier=ADA191109
http://oai.dtic.mil/oai/oai?verb=getRecord&metadataPrefix=html&identifier=ADA191109
Abstract :
An evaluation of the terrestrial transport, transformations and ecological effects of phosphorus red phosphorus-butyl rubber (RP/BR) smoke obscurant was performed at Pacific Northwest Laboratory. A similar evaluation using white phosphorus (WP) smoke/obscurant is currently proceeding. Future testing with other smokes are planned. The objective of this research program is to characterize the effects of smokes and obscurants on: (1) natural vegetation characteristic of U.S. Army training sites in United States; (2) physical and chemical properties of representative of soils of those sites; and (3)soil microbiological communities. The influence and interactions of smoke/obscurant concentration, relative humidity (25%, 60%, 90% and simulated rain) and wind speed of 0.22 to 4.45 m/s by smoke is assessed. Five plant species and four soils were exposed to both single and repeated doses of RP/BR smokes in the Pacific Northwest Laboratory P-3 rated recirculating environmental wind tunnel. Detailed results for RP/BR and limited results for WP are presented. Keywords: Environmental fate, Persistence, Vegetation surface, soil surface, Environmental effect plants, Earthworms, Soil microbial.
An evaluation of the terrestrial transport, transformations and ecological effects of phosphorus red phosphorus-butyl rubber (RP/BR) smoke obscurant was performed at Pacific Northwest Laboratory. A similar evaluation using white phosphorus (WP) smoke/obscurant is currently proceeding. Future testing with other smokes are planned. The objective of this research program is to characterize the effects of smokes and obscurants on: (1) natural vegetation characteristic of U.S. Army training sites in United States; (2) physical and chemical properties of representative of soils of those sites; and (3)soil microbiological communities. The influence and interactions of smoke/obscurant concentration, relative humidity (25%, 60%, 90% and simulated rain) and wind speed of 0.22 to 4.45 m/s by smoke is assessed. Five plant species and four soils were exposed to both single and repeated doses of RP/BR smokes in the Pacific Northwest Laboratory P-3 rated recirculating environmental wind tunnel. Detailed results for RP/BR and limited results for WP are presented. Keywords: Environmental fate, Persistence, Vegetation surface, soil surface, Environmental effect plants, Earthworms, Soil microbial.
赤リン・ブチルゴム(RP/BR)煙幕弾による煙の地中移動、変性、および生態影響の評価はパシフィックノースウェスト研究所で実行されました。 白リン(WP)の煙/煙幕弾を使った同様の評価は現在も続いています。 他の煙による今後のテストも計画されています。 この研究計画の目的は、以下によって、煙と煙幕による影響を特徴付けることです。
(1) 合衆国の米軍訓練場の自然植生の特性。
(2) それらの訓練場の土壌サンプルの、物理化学的な性質。
(3) そして、微生物の共同体。
煙/煙幕弾の影響と相互作用は、相対湿度(25%、60%、90%、およびシミュレートされた雨)、および風速0.22～4.45m/sの中で、一回または複数回の投与により、Pacific Northwest Laboratory （P-3）に在る環境的に風を循環できる風洞の中で評価されました。 RP/BRによる詳細な結果とWPによる限定的な結果が提示されています。
(1) 合衆国の米軍訓練場の自然植生の特性。
(2) それらの訓練場の土壌サンプルの、物理化学的な性質。
(3) そして、微生物の共同体。
煙/煙幕弾の影響と相互作用は、相対湿度(25%、60%、90%、およびシミュレートされた雨)、および風速0.22～4.45m/sの中で、一回または複数回の投与により、Pacific Northwest Laboratory （P-3）に在る環境的に風を循環できる風洞の中で評価されました。 RP/BRによる詳細な結果とWPによる限定的な結果が提示されています。
キーワード: 環境運命、残留、植生表面、土壌表面、植物に対する環境影響、ミミズ、土壌微生物。
