「VCS/XnaBlock」の編集履歴（バックアップ）一覧はこちら

「VCS/XnaBlock」(2012/12/04 (火) 17:18:57) の最新版変更点

追加された行は緑色になります。

削除された行は赤色になります。

|開発環境|Microsoft Visual C# 2010 Express (SP1)|
|実行環境|Microsoft Windows XP Home Edition (SP3)|
|プロジェクトの種類|Windows Game (4.0)|
|プロジェクト名|XnaBlock|

Block Builder(仮)

Texture4.png
#ref(Texture4_2.png)

Palette16.png
#ref(Palette16.png)


Game1.cs
#highlight(c#){{
// #1
using System;
using Microsoft.Xna.Framework;
using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics;
using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Input;

namespace XnaBlock
{
    class Game1 : Game
    {
        GraphicsDeviceManager graphics;
        SpriteBatch sprite;
        SpriteFont font;
        Effect effect;
        Texture2D texture;

        // fps
        DateTime prevTime;
        int draw = 0;
        int fps = 0;

        const int gridSize = 100;
        const int blockMax = 20000;
        short blockNum = 0;
        short[] grid;
        VertexBuffer instanceBuffer;
        VertexBuffer geometryBuffer;
        IndexBuffer indexBuffer;
        VertexDeclaration instanceVertexDeclaration;
        VertexBufferBinding[] bindings;
        Matrix projection;

        // カメラ
        Vector3 camPos = new Vector3(50.5f, 1.5f, 50.5f);
        int camLat = 0;
        int camLong = 225;

        readonly int[] dirX = { 1, 1, 0, -1, -1, -1, 0, 1, 1 };
        readonly int[] dirZ = { 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, -1, -1, -1, 0 };

        struct InstanceInfo
        {
            public Matrix World;
            public Vector2 AtlasCoordinate;
        }

        struct Position
        {
            public int X;
            public int Y;
            public int Z;

            public Position(int x, int y, int z)
            {
                X = x;
                Y = y;
                Z = z;
            }
        }

        public Game1()
        {
            graphics = new GraphicsDeviceManager(this);
            graphics.PreferredBackBufferWidth = 1280;
            graphics.PreferredBackBufferHeight = 720;
            Content.RootDirectory = "Content";
            IsMouseVisible = true;
        }

        protected override void Initialize()
        {
            sprite = new SpriteBatch(GraphicsDevice);
            prevTime = DateTime.Now;
            base.Initialize();
        }

        protected override void LoadContent()
        {
            // ソリューション エクスプローラーの(Content)に追加しておく
            font = Content.Load<SpriteFont>("SpriteFont1"); // 新しい項目：Sprite Font
            effect = Content.Load<Effect>("HardwareInstancing"); // 新しい項目：Effect File (.fx)
            texture = Content.Load<Texture2D>("Palette16"); // 既存の項目：Palette16.png

            GenerateGeometryBuffers(0.5f);
            GenerateInstanceVertexDeclaration();
            GenerateInstanceInformation();

            bindings = new VertexBufferBinding[2];
            bindings[0] = new VertexBufferBinding(geometryBuffer, 0);
            bindings[1] = new VertexBufferBinding(instanceBuffer, 0, 1);

            projection = Matrix.CreatePerspectiveFieldOfView(MathHelper.ToRadians(45),
                GraphicsDevice.Viewport.AspectRatio, 0.1f, 2000);

            effect.CurrentTechnique = effect.Techniques["Instancing"];
            effect.Parameters["cubeTexture"].SetValue(texture);

            base.LoadContent();
        }

        void GenerateGeometryBuffers(float size)
        {
            VertexPositionTexture[] vertices = new VertexPositionTexture[24];
            for (int n = 0; n < 4; n++)
            {
                float u = size * ((n & 1) * 2 - 1);
                float v = size * ((n & 2) - 1);
                vertices[0 + n].Position = new Vector3(u, size, v);
                vertices[4 + n].Position = new Vector3(u, -size, -v);
                vertices[8 + n].Position = new Vector3(-size, -v, u);
                vertices[12 + n].Position = new Vector3(u, -v, size);
                vertices[16 + n].Position = new Vector3(size, -v, -u);
                vertices[20 + n].Position = new Vector3(-u, -v, -size);
            }
            for (int n = 0; n < 24; n++)
            {
                vertices[n].TextureCoordinate = new Vector2(n & 1, (n >> 1) & 1);
            }

            geometryBuffer = new VertexBuffer(GraphicsDevice,
                typeof(VertexPositionTexture), 24, BufferUsage.WriteOnly);
            geometryBuffer.SetData(vertices);

            int[] indices = new int[36];
            for (int n = 0; n < 6; n++)
            {
                int n6 = n * 6;
                int n4 = n * 4;
                indices[n6 + 0] = n4 + 0; indices[n6 + 1] = n4 + 1; indices[n6 + 2] = n4 + 2;
                indices[n6 + 3] = n4 + 1; indices[n6 + 4] = n4 + 3; indices[n6 + 5] = n4 + 2;
            }

            indexBuffer = new IndexBuffer(GraphicsDevice, typeof(int), 36, BufferUsage.WriteOnly);
            indexBuffer.SetData(indices);
        }

        void GenerateInstanceVertexDeclaration()
        {
            VertexElement[] elements = new VertexElement[5];
            for (int n = 0; n < 4; n++) // Matrix = Vector4 * 4
            {
                elements[n] = new VertexElement(sizeof(float) * 4 * n,
                    VertexElementFormat.Vector4, VertexElementUsage.TextureCoordinate, n + 1);
            }
            elements[4] = new VertexElement(sizeof(float) * 16,
                VertexElementFormat.Vector2, VertexElementUsage.TextureCoordinate, 5);
            instanceVertexDeclaration = new VertexDeclaration(elements);
        }

        void GenerateInstanceInformation()
        {
            instanceBuffer = new VertexBuffer(GraphicsDevice,
                instanceVertexDeclaration, blockMax, BufferUsage.None); // 読み込みもする
            grid = new short[gridSize * gridSize * gridSize];

            // 地面
            for (int z = 0; z < gridSize; z++)
            {
                for (int x = 0; x < gridSize; x++)
                {
                    SetNewBlock(x, 0, z, 4);
                }
            }

            // 正8面体
            for (int y = -10; y <= 10; y++)
            {
                int x1 = 10 - Math.Abs(y);
                for (int x = -x1; x <= x1; x++)
                {
                    int z1 = x1 - Math.Abs(x);
                    int z2 = (z1 == 0) ? 1 : z1 * 2;
                    for (int z = -z1; z <= z1; z += z2)
                    {
                        SetNewBlock(10 + x, 20 + y, 30 + z, 3);
                    }
                }
            }

            // 太陽
            for (int y = -10; y <= 10; y++)
            {
                for (int x = -10; x <= 10; x++)
                {
                    for (int z = -10; z <= 10; z++)
                    {
                        int r = (x * x) + (y * y) + (z * z);
                        if (90 < r && r < 111) // 9.5^2 < r^2 < 10.5^2
                        {
                            SetNewBlock(30 + x, 20 + y, 10 + z, 2);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        int GridIndex(int x, int y, int z)
        {
            return (y * gridSize + x) * gridSize + z;
        }

        void SetNewBlock(int x, int y, int z, byte color)
        {
            InstanceInfo[] ins = new InstanceInfo[1]; // stride = 4*(16+2)
            ins[0].World = Matrix.CreateTranslation(new Vector3(x + 0.5f, y + 0.5f, z + 0.5f));
            ins[0].AtlasCoordinate = new Vector2((color & 3) / 4.0f, (color >> 2) / 4.0f);
            instanceBuffer.SetData<InstanceInfo>(blockNum++ * 72, ins, 0, 1, 72);
            grid[GridIndex(x, y, z)] = blockNum;
        }

        short GetGrid(int x, int y, int z)
        {
            if (x < 0 || gridSize <= x ||
                y < 0 || gridSize <= y ||
                z < 0 || gridSize <= z) return Int16.MinValue;
            return grid[GridIndex(x, y, z)];
        }

        Position GetForwardPos()
        {
            Position pos;
            int dir = (camLong + 22) / 45;
            pos.X = (int)camPos.X + dirX[dir];
            pos.Y = (int)camPos.Y - 1;
            pos.Z = (int)camPos.Z + dirZ[dir];
            return pos;
        }

        void SetGrid(Position pos, float u, float v, short insIndex, short gridIndex)
        {
            InstanceInfo[] ins = new InstanceInfo[1];
            int start = (insIndex - 1) * 72;
            instanceBuffer.GetData<InstanceInfo>(start, ins, 0, 1, 72);
            ins[0].AtlasCoordinate = new Vector2(u, v);
            instanceBuffer.SetData<InstanceInfo>(start, ins, 0, 1, 72);
            grid[GridIndex(pos.X, pos.Y, pos.Z)] = gridIndex;
        }

        void SetBlock(byte color)
        {
            Position pos = GetForwardPos();
            short index = GetGrid(pos.X, pos.Y, pos.Z);
            if (0 < index || index == Int16.MinValue) return;

            if (index == 0)
            {
                SetNewBlock(pos.X, pos.Y, pos.Z, color);
            }
            else
            {
                // 再利用
                SetGrid(pos, (color & 3) / 4.0f, (color >> 2) / 4.0f, (short)-index, index);
            }
        }

        void DelBlock()
        {
            Position pos = GetForwardPos();
            short index = GetGrid(pos.X, pos.Y, pos.Z);
            if (index <= 0) return;

            // 論理削除
            SetGrid(pos, 2.0f, 0, index, (short)-index);
        }

        protected override void Update(GameTime gameTime)
        {
            KeyboardState state = Keyboard.GetState();
            if (state[Keys.Escape] == KeyState.Down) Exit();
            if (state[Keys.W] == KeyState.Down) MoveXZ(0);
            if (state[Keys.S] == KeyState.Down) MoveXZ(180);
            if (state[Keys.A] == KeyState.Down) MoveXZ(-90);
            if (state[Keys.D] == KeyState.Down) MoveXZ(90);
            if (state[Keys.Up] == KeyState.Down) camLat++;
            if (state[Keys.Down] == KeyState.Down) camLat--;
            if (state[Keys.Left] == KeyState.Down) camLong = (camLong + 359) % 360;
            if (state[Keys.Right] == KeyState.Down) camLong = (camLong + 1) % 360;
            if (state[Keys.PageUp] == KeyState.Down) MoveY(0.1f);
            if (state[Keys.PageDown] == KeyState.Down) MoveY(-0.1f);
            if (state[Keys.NumPad0] == KeyState.Down) DelBlock();
            if (state[Keys.NumPad1] == KeyState.Down) SetBlock(1);
            if (state[Keys.NumPad2] == KeyState.Down) SetBlock(2);
            if (state[Keys.NumPad3] == KeyState.Down) SetBlock(3);
            if (state[Keys.NumPad4] == KeyState.Down) SetBlock(4);
            if (state[Keys.NumPad5] == KeyState.Down) SetBlock(5);
            if (state[Keys.NumPad6] == KeyState.Down) SetBlock(6);
            if (state[Keys.NumPad7] == KeyState.Down) SetBlock(7);
            if (state[Keys.NumPad8] == KeyState.Down) SetBlock(8);

            base.Update(gameTime);
        }
        
        void MoveXZ(int degree)
        {
            float rad = MathHelper.ToRadians(camLong + degree);
            float x = camPos.X + (float)Math.Cos(rad) * 0.1f;
            float z = camPos.Z + (float)Math.Sin(rad) * 0.1f;
            if (GetGrid((int)x, (int)camPos.Y, (int)z) <= 0)
            {
                camPos.X = x;
                camPos.Z = z;
            }
        }

        void MoveY(float dy)
        {
            float y = camPos.Y + dy;
            if (GetGrid((int)camPos.X, (int)y, (int)camPos.Z) <= 0)
            {
                camPos.Y = y;
            }
        }

        protected override void Draw(GameTime gameTime)
        {
            GraphicsDevice.Clear(Color.CornflowerBlue);
            GraphicsDevice.DepthStencilState = DepthStencilState.Default;

            float rad = MathHelper.ToRadians(camLat);
            float y = (float)Math.Sin(rad) + camPos.Y;
            float r = (float)Math.Cos(rad);
            rad = MathHelper.ToRadians(camLong);
            float x = camPos.X + (float)Math.Cos(rad) * r;
            float z = camPos.Z + (float)Math.Sin(rad) * r;
            Matrix view = Matrix.CreateLookAt(camPos, new Vector3(x, y, z), Vector3.Up);

            GraphicsDevice.Indices = indexBuffer;
            effect.Parameters["WVP"].SetValue(view * projection);
            effect.Parameters["totalTime"].SetValue((float)gameTime.TotalGameTime.TotalMilliseconds);
            effect.CurrentTechnique.Passes[0].Apply();
            GraphicsDevice.SetVertexBuffers(bindings);
            GraphicsDevice.DrawInstancedPrimitives(PrimitiveType.TriangleList, 0, 0, 24, 0, 12, blockNum);

            // フレームレート
            draw++;
            DateTime now = DateTime.Now;
            TimeSpan t = now - prevTime;
            if (t.TotalMilliseconds >= 1000)
            {
                fps = draw;
                draw = 0;
                prevTime = now;
            }

            sprite.Begin();
            string text = "fps=" + fps + " lat=" + camLat + " long=" + camLong + " block=" + blockNum;
            sprite.DrawString(font, text, new Vector2(0, 0), Color.White);
            text = string.Format("x={0:f1} y={1:f1} z={2:f1}", camPos.X, camPos.Y, camPos.Z);
            sprite.DrawString(font, text, new Vector2(0, 20), Color.White);
            sprite.End();

            base.Draw(gameTime);
        }
    }
}
}}

HardwareInstancing.fx
#highlight{{
/*
#1
Effect File

プロジェクトのプロパティ
[XNA Game Studio]タブ
Use HiDef to access the complete API
*/

float4x4 WVP;
texture cubeTexture;
float totalTime;

sampler TextureSampler = sampler_state
{
	texture = <cubeTexture>;
	mipfilter = LINEAR;
	minfilter = LINEAR;
	magfilter = LINEAR;
};

struct InstancingVSinput
{
	float4 Position : POSITION0;
	float2 TexCoord : TEXCOORD0;
};

struct InstancingVSoutput
{
	float4 Position : POSITION0;
	float2 TexCoord : TEXCOORD0;
};

InstancingVSoutput InstancingVS(
	InstancingVSinput input, float4x4 instanceTransform : TEXCOORD1, float2 atlasCoord : TEXCOORD5)
{
	InstancingVSoutput output;
	float4 pos = input.Position;
	pos = mul(pos, transpose(instanceTransform));
//	pos.y = (pos.y + 0.01f * totalTime * atlasCoord.x) % 100.0f;
	pos = mul(pos, WVP);
	output.Position = pos;
	output.TexCoord = float2(
		atlasCoord.x + (input.TexCoord.x / 4.0f),
		atlasCoord.y + (input.TexCoord.y / 4.0f));
	return output;
}

float4 InstancingPS(InstancingVSoutput input) : COLOR0
{
	if (2.0f <= input.TexCoord.x) discard;
	return tex2D(TextureSampler, input.TexCoord);
}

technique Instancing
{
	pass Pass0
	{
		VertexShader = compile vs_3_0 InstancingVS();
		PixelShader = compile ps_3_0 InstancingPS();
	}
}
}}

|開発環境|Microsoft Visual C# 2010 Express (SP1)|
|実行環境|Microsoft Windows XP Home Edition (SP3)|
|プロジェクトの種類|Windows Game (4.0)|
|プロジェクト名|XnaBlock|

Block Builder(仮)

Texture4.png
#ref(Texture4_2.png)

Palette16.png
#ref(Palette16.png)


Game1.cs
#highlight(c#){{
// #1
using System;
using Microsoft.Xna.Framework;
using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics;
using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Input;

namespace XnaBlock
{
    class Game1 : Game
    {
        GraphicsDeviceManager graphics;
        SpriteBatch sprite;
        SpriteFont font;
        Effect effect;
        Texture2D texture;

        // fps
        DateTime prevTime;
        int draw = 0;
        int fps = 0;

        const int gridSize = 100;
        const int blockMax = 20000;
        short blockNum = 0;
        short[] grid;
        VertexBuffer instanceBuffer;
        VertexBuffer geometryBuffer;
        IndexBuffer indexBuffer;
        VertexDeclaration instanceVertexDeclaration;
        VertexBufferBinding[] bindings;
        Matrix projection;

        // カメラ
        Vector3 camPos = new Vector3(50.5f, 1.5f, 50.5f);
        int camLat = 0;
        int camLong = 225;

        readonly int[] dirX = { 1, 1, 0, -1, -1, -1, 0, 1, 1 };
        readonly int[] dirZ = { 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, -1, -1, -1, 0 };

        struct InstanceInfo
        {
            public Matrix World;
            public Vector2 AtlasCoordinate;
        }

        struct Position
        {
            public int X;
            public int Y;
            public int Z;

            public Position(int x, int y, int z)
            {
                X = x;
                Y = y;
                Z = z;
            }
        }

        public Game1()
        {
            graphics = new GraphicsDeviceManager(this);
            graphics.PreferredBackBufferWidth = 1280;
            graphics.PreferredBackBufferHeight = 720;
            Content.RootDirectory = "Content";
            IsMouseVisible = true;
        }

        protected override void Initialize()
        {
            sprite = new SpriteBatch(GraphicsDevice);
            prevTime = DateTime.Now;
            base.Initialize();
        }

        protected override void LoadContent()
        {
            // ソリューション エクスプローラーの(Content)に追加しておく
            font = Content.Load<SpriteFont>("SpriteFont1"); // 新しい項目：Sprite Font
            effect = Content.Load<Effect>("HardwareInstancing"); // 新しい項目：Effect File (.fx)
            texture = Content.Load<Texture2D>("Palette16"); // 既存の項目：Palette16.png

            GenerateGeometryBuffers(0.5f);
            GenerateInstanceVertexDeclaration();
            GenerateInstanceInformation();

            bindings = new VertexBufferBinding[2];
            bindings[0] = new VertexBufferBinding(geometryBuffer, 0);
            bindings[1] = new VertexBufferBinding(instanceBuffer, 0, 1);

            projection = Matrix.CreatePerspectiveFieldOfView(MathHelper.ToRadians(45),
                GraphicsDevice.Viewport.AspectRatio, 0.1f, 2000);

            effect.CurrentTechnique = effect.Techniques["Instancing"];
            effect.Parameters["cubeTexture"].SetValue(texture);

            base.LoadContent();
        }

        void GenerateGeometryBuffers(float size)
        {
            VertexPositionTexture[] vertices = new VertexPositionTexture[24];
            for (int n = 0; n < 4; n++)
            {
                float u = size * ((n & 1) * 2 - 1);
                float v = size * ((n & 2) - 1);
                vertices[0 + n].Position = new Vector3(u, size, v);
                vertices[4 + n].Position = new Vector3(u, -size, -v);
                vertices[8 + n].Position = new Vector3(-size, -v, u);
                vertices[12 + n].Position = new Vector3(u, -v, size);
                vertices[16 + n].Position = new Vector3(size, -v, -u);
                vertices[20 + n].Position = new Vector3(-u, -v, -size);
            }
            for (int n = 0; n < 24; n++)
            {
                vertices[n].TextureCoordinate = new Vector2(n & 1, (n >> 1) & 1);
            }

            geometryBuffer = new VertexBuffer(GraphicsDevice,
                typeof(VertexPositionTexture), 24, BufferUsage.WriteOnly);
            geometryBuffer.SetData(vertices);

            int[] indices = new int[36];
            for (int n = 0; n < 6; n++)
            {
                int n6 = n * 6;
                int n4 = n * 4;
                indices[n6 + 0] = n4 + 0; indices[n6 + 1] = n4 + 1; indices[n6 + 2] = n4 + 2;
                indices[n6 + 3] = n4 + 1; indices[n6 + 4] = n4 + 3; indices[n6 + 5] = n4 + 2;
            }

            indexBuffer = new IndexBuffer(GraphicsDevice, typeof(int), 36, BufferUsage.WriteOnly);
            indexBuffer.SetData(indices);
        }

        void GenerateInstanceVertexDeclaration()
        {
            VertexElement[] elements = new VertexElement[5];
            for (int n = 0; n < 4; n++) // Matrix = Vector4 * 4
            {
                elements[n] = new VertexElement(sizeof(float) * 4 * n,
                    VertexElementFormat.Vector4, VertexElementUsage.TextureCoordinate, n + 1);
            }
            elements[4] = new VertexElement(sizeof(float) * 16,
                VertexElementFormat.Vector2, VertexElementUsage.TextureCoordinate, 5);
            instanceVertexDeclaration = new VertexDeclaration(elements);
        }

        void GenerateInstanceInformation()
        {
            instanceBuffer = new VertexBuffer(GraphicsDevice,
                instanceVertexDeclaration, blockMax, BufferUsage.None); // 読み込みもする
            grid = new short[gridSize * gridSize * gridSize];

            // 地面
            for (int z = 0; z < gridSize; z++)
            {
                for (int x = 0; x < gridSize; x++)
                {
                    SetNewBlock(x, 0, z, 4);
                }
            }

            // 正8面体
            for (int y = -10; y <= 10; y++)
            {
                int x1 = 10 - Math.Abs(y);
                for (int x = -x1; x <= x1; x++)
                {
                    int z1 = x1 - Math.Abs(x);
                    int z2 = (z1 == 0) ? 1 : z1 * 2;
                    for (int z = -z1; z <= z1; z += z2)
                    {
                        SetNewBlock(10 + x, 20 + y, 30 + z, 3);
                    }
                }
            }

            // 太陽
            for (int y = -10; y <= 10; y++)
            {
                for (int x = -10; x <= 10; x++)
                {
                    for (int z = -10; z <= 10; z++)
                    {
                        int r = (x * x) + (y * y) + (z * z);
                        if (90 < r && r < 111) // 9.5^2 < r^2 < 10.5^2
                        {
                            SetNewBlock(30 + x, 20 + y, 10 + z, 2);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        int GridIndex(int x, int y, int z)
        {
            return (y * gridSize + x) * gridSize + z;
        }

        void SetNewBlock(int x, int y, int z, byte color)
        {
            InstanceInfo[] ins = new InstanceInfo[1]; // stride = 4*(16+2)
            ins[0].World = Matrix.CreateTranslation(new Vector3(x + 0.5f, y + 0.5f, z + 0.5f));
            ins[0].AtlasCoordinate = new Vector2((color & 3) / 4.0f, (color >> 2) / 4.0f);
            instanceBuffer.SetData<InstanceInfo>(blockNum++ * 72, ins, 0, 1, 72);
            grid[GridIndex(x, y, z)] = blockNum;
        }

        short GetGrid(int x, int y, int z)
        {
            if (x < 0 || gridSize <= x ||
                y < 0 || gridSize <= y ||
                z < 0 || gridSize <= z) return Int16.MinValue;
            return grid[GridIndex(x, y, z)];
        }

        Position GetForwardPos()
        {
            Position pos;
            int dir = (camLong + 22) / 45;
            pos.X = (int)camPos.X + dirX[dir];
            pos.Y = (int)camPos.Y - 1;
            pos.Z = (int)camPos.Z + dirZ[dir];
            return pos;
        }

        void SetGrid(Position pos, float u, float v, short index)
        {
            InstanceInfo[] ins = new InstanceInfo[1];
            int start = (Math.Abs(index) - 1) * 72;
            instanceBuffer.GetData<InstanceInfo>(start, ins, 0, 1, 72);
            ins[0].AtlasCoordinate = new Vector2(u, v);
            instanceBuffer.SetData<InstanceInfo>(start, ins, 0, 1, 72);
            grid[GridIndex(pos.X, pos.Y, pos.Z)] = index;
        }

        void SetBlock(byte color)
        {
            Position pos = GetForwardPos();
            short index = GetGrid(pos.X, pos.Y, pos.Z);
            if (0 < index || index == Int16.MinValue) return;

            if (index == 0)
            {
                SetNewBlock(pos.X, pos.Y, pos.Z, color);
            }
            else
            {
                // 再利用
                SetGrid(pos, (color & 3) / 4.0f, (color >> 2) / 4.0f, (short)-index);
            }
        }

        void DelBlock()
        {
            Position pos = GetForwardPos();
            short index = GetGrid(pos.X, pos.Y, pos.Z);
            if (index <= 0) return;

            // 論理削除
            SetGrid(pos, 2.0f, 0, (short)-index);
        }

        protected override void Update(GameTime gameTime)
        {
            KeyboardState state = Keyboard.GetState();
            if (state[Keys.Escape] == KeyState.Down) Exit();
            if (state[Keys.W] == KeyState.Down) MoveXZ(0);
            if (state[Keys.S] == KeyState.Down) MoveXZ(180);
            if (state[Keys.A] == KeyState.Down) MoveXZ(-90);
            if (state[Keys.D] == KeyState.Down) MoveXZ(90);
            if (state[Keys.Up] == KeyState.Down) camLat++;
            if (state[Keys.Down] == KeyState.Down) camLat--;
            if (state[Keys.Left] == KeyState.Down) camLong = (camLong + 359) % 360;
            if (state[Keys.Right] == KeyState.Down) camLong = (camLong + 1) % 360;
            if (state[Keys.PageUp] == KeyState.Down) MoveY(0.1f);
            if (state[Keys.PageDown] == KeyState.Down) MoveY(-0.1f);
            if (state[Keys.NumPad0] == KeyState.Down) DelBlock();
            if (state[Keys.NumPad1] == KeyState.Down) SetBlock(1);
            if (state[Keys.NumPad2] == KeyState.Down) SetBlock(2);
            if (state[Keys.NumPad3] == KeyState.Down) SetBlock(3);
            if (state[Keys.NumPad4] == KeyState.Down) SetBlock(4);
            if (state[Keys.NumPad5] == KeyState.Down) SetBlock(5);
            if (state[Keys.NumPad6] == KeyState.Down) SetBlock(6);
            if (state[Keys.NumPad7] == KeyState.Down) SetBlock(7);
            if (state[Keys.NumPad8] == KeyState.Down) SetBlock(8);

            base.Update(gameTime);
        }
        
        void MoveXZ(int degree)
        {
            float rad = MathHelper.ToRadians(camLong + degree);
            float x = camPos.X + (float)Math.Cos(rad) * 0.1f;
            float z = camPos.Z + (float)Math.Sin(rad) * 0.1f;
            if (GetGrid((int)x, (int)camPos.Y, (int)z) <= 0)
            {
                camPos.X = x;
                camPos.Z = z;
            }
        }

        void MoveY(float dy)
        {
            float y = camPos.Y + dy;
            if (GetGrid((int)camPos.X, (int)y, (int)camPos.Z) <= 0)
            {
                camPos.Y = y;
            }
        }

        protected override void Draw(GameTime gameTime)
        {
            GraphicsDevice.Clear(Color.CornflowerBlue);
            GraphicsDevice.DepthStencilState = DepthStencilState.Default;

            float rad = MathHelper.ToRadians(camLat);
            float y = (float)Math.Sin(rad) + camPos.Y;
            float r = (float)Math.Cos(rad);
            rad = MathHelper.ToRadians(camLong);
            float x = camPos.X + (float)Math.Cos(rad) * r;
            float z = camPos.Z + (float)Math.Sin(rad) * r;
            Matrix view = Matrix.CreateLookAt(camPos, new Vector3(x, y, z), Vector3.Up);

            GraphicsDevice.Indices = indexBuffer;
            effect.Parameters["WVP"].SetValue(view * projection);
            effect.Parameters["totalTime"].SetValue(
                0.01f * (float)gameTime.TotalGameTime.TotalMilliseconds);
            effect.CurrentTechnique.Passes[0].Apply();
            GraphicsDevice.SetVertexBuffers(bindings);
            GraphicsDevice.DrawInstancedPrimitives(
                PrimitiveType.TriangleList, 0, 0, 24, 0, 12, blockNum);

            // フレームレート
            draw++;
            DateTime now = DateTime.Now;
            TimeSpan t = now - prevTime;
            if (t.TotalMilliseconds >= 1000)
            {
                fps = draw;
                draw = 0;
                prevTime = now;
            }

            sprite.Begin();
            string text = "fps=" + fps + " lat=" + camLat + " long=" + camLong + " block=" + blockNum;
            sprite.DrawString(font, text, new Vector2(0, 0), Color.White);
            text = string.Format("x={0:f1} y={1:f1} z={2:f1}", camPos.X, camPos.Y, camPos.Z);
            sprite.DrawString(font, text, new Vector2(0, 20), Color.White);
            sprite.End();

            base.Draw(gameTime);
        }
    }
}
}}

HardwareInstancing.fx
#highlight{{
/*
#1
Effect File

プロジェクトのプロパティ
[XNA Game Studio]タブ
Use HiDef to access the complete API
*/

float4x4 WVP;
texture cubeTexture;
float totalTime;

sampler TextureSampler = sampler_state
{
	texture = <cubeTexture>;
	mipfilter = LINEAR;
	minfilter = LINEAR;
	magfilter = LINEAR;
};

struct InstancingVSinput
{
	float4 Position : POSITION0;
	float2 TexCoord : TEXCOORD0;
};

struct InstancingVSoutput
{
	float4 Position : POSITION0;
	float2 TexCoord : TEXCOORD0;
};

InstancingVSoutput InstancingVS(
	InstancingVSinput input, float4x4 instanceTransform : TEXCOORD1, float2 atlasCoord : TEXCOORD5)
{
	InstancingVSoutput output;
	float4 pos = input.Position;
	pos = mul(pos, transpose(instanceTransform));
//	pos.y = (pos.y + totalTime * atlasCoord.x) % 100.0f;
	pos = mul(pos, WVP);
	output.Position = pos;
	output.TexCoord = float2(
		atlasCoord.x + (input.TexCoord.x / 4.0f),
		atlasCoord.y + (input.TexCoord.y / 4.0f));
	return output;
}

float4 InstancingPS(InstancingVSoutput input) : COLOR0
{
	if (2.0f <= input.TexCoord.x) discard;
	return tex2D(TextureSampler, input.TexCoord);
}

technique Instancing
{
	pass Pass0
	{
		VertexShader = compile vs_3_0 InstancingVS();
		PixelShader = compile ps_3_0 InstancingPS();
	}
}
}}