DynagenでCCIEを目指す
20100430 OPSFv3 複数instance環境
最終更新：
it_certification
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目的
- OSPFv3で、複数instance環境を構築します。
構成
- 設定概要
- OSPFv3によってルーティングします。
- 初期設定時は下記構成図と異なり、全てのルータはArea 0 instance 0に所属します。
- 構成図
- netファイル
#ghostios = True #sparsemem = True model = 3660 [localhost] [[3660]] image = C:\Program Files\Dynamips\images\c3660-ik9o3s-mz.124-6.T.bin ram = 128 [[ROUTER R1]] f0/0 = LAN 1 [[ROUTER R2]] f0/0 = LAN 1 [[ROUTER R3]] f0/0 = LAN 1 [[ROUTER R4]] f0/0 = LAN 1
- 初期設定 R1
! version 12.4 service timestamps debug datetime msec service timestamps log datetime msec no service password-encryption ! hostname R1 ! boot-start-marker boot-end-marker ! ! no aaa new-model ! resource policy ! memory-size iomem 5 ! ! ip cef ! ! ! ipv6 unicast-routing ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! interface Loopback0 ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255 ipv6 address 2000::1:1/128 ! interface FastEthernet0/0 no ip address duplex auto speed auto ipv6 address 2000::10:1/112 ipv6 ospf 1 area 0 ! interface FastEthernet0/1 no ip address duplex auto speed auto ! ip http server no ip http secure-server ! ! ! ipv6 router ospf 1 log-adjacency-changes redistribute connected ! ! ! ! control-plane ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! line con 0 line aux 0 line vty 0 4 login ! ! end
- 初期設定 R2
! version 12.4 service timestamps debug datetime msec service timestamps log datetime msec no service password-encryption ! hostname R2 ! boot-start-marker boot-end-marker ! ! no aaa new-model ! resource policy ! memory-size iomem 5 ! ! ip cef ! ! ! ipv6 unicast-routing ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! interface Loopback0 ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255 ipv6 address 2000::2:2/128 ! interface FastEthernet0/0 no ip address duplex auto speed auto ipv6 address 2000::10:2/112 ipv6 ospf 1 area 0 ! interface FastEthernet0/1 no ip address duplex auto speed auto ! ip http server no ip http secure-server ! ! ! ipv6 router ospf 1 log-adjacency-changes redistribute connected ! ! ! ! control-plane ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! line con 0 line aux 0 line vty 0 4 login ! ! end
- 初期設定 R3
! version 12.4 service timestamps debug datetime msec service timestamps log datetime msec no service password-encryption ! hostname R3 ! boot-start-marker boot-end-marker ! ! no aaa new-model ! resource policy ! memory-size iomem 5 ! ! ip cef ! ! ! ipv6 unicast-routing ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! interface Loopback0 ip address 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.255 ipv6 address 2000::3:3/128 ! interface FastEthernet0/0 no ip address duplex auto speed auto ipv6 address 2000::10:3/112 ipv6 enable ipv6 ospf 1 area 0 ! interface FastEthernet0/1 no ip address duplex auto speed auto ! ip http server no ip http secure-server ! ! ! ipv6 router ospf 1 log-adjacency-changes redistribute connected ! ! ! ! control-plane ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! line con 0 line aux 0 line vty 0 4 login ! ! end
- 初期設定 R4
! version 12.4 service timestamps debug datetime msec service timestamps log datetime msec no service password-encryption ! hostname R4 ! boot-start-marker boot-end-marker ! ! no aaa new-model ! resource policy ! memory-size iomem 5 ! ! ip cef ! ! ! ipv6 unicast-routing ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! interface Loopback0 ip address 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.255 ipv6 address 2000::4:4/128 ! interface FastEthernet0/0 no ip address duplex auto speed auto ipv6 address 2000::10:4/112 ipv6 enable ipv6 ospf 1 area 0 ! interface FastEthernet0/1 no ip address shutdown duplex auto speed auto ! ip http server no ip http secure-server ! ! ! ipv6 router ospf 1 log-adjacency-changes redistribute connected ! ! ! ! control-plane ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! line con 0 line aux 0 line vty 0 4 ! ! end
検証1 初期設定の確認
- ルーティングテーブルの確認
neighborが確立されている事とルータ間で経路が交換できている事を確認します。
R1#show ipv6 route
IPv6 Routing Table - 8 entries
Codes: C - Connected, L - Local, S - Static, R - RIP, B - BGP
U - Per-user Static route
I1 - ISIS L1, I2 - ISIS L2, IA - ISIS interarea, IS - ISIS summary
O - OSPF intra, OI - OSPF inter, OE1 - OSPF ext 1, OE2 - OSPF ext 2
ON1 - OSPF NSSA ext 1, ON2 - OSPF NSSA ext 2
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external
LC 2000::1:1/128 [0/0]
via ::, Loopback0
OE2 2000::2:2/128 [110/20]
via FE80::CE01:FFF:FE94:0, FastEthernet0/0
OE2 2000::3:3/128 [110/20]
via FE80::CE02:FFF:FE94:0, FastEthernet0/0
OE2 2000::4:4/128 [110/20]
via FE80::CE03:FFF:FE94:0, FastEthernet0/0
C 2000::10:0/112 [0/0]
via ::, FastEthernet0/0
L 2000::10:1/128 [0/0]
via ::, FastEthernet0/0
L FE80::/10 [0/0]
via ::, Null0
L FF00::/8 [0/0]
via ::, Null0
R1#
R1#
R1#show ipv6 ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Interface ID Interface
4.4.4.4 1 FULL/DROTHER 00:00:33 4 FastEthernet0/0
3.3.3.3 1 FULL/DROTHER 00:00:37 4 FastEthernet0/0
2.2.2.2 1 FULL/DR 00:00:37 4 FastEthernet0/0
R1#
- instanceの確認
OPSFv3ではprocess, areaに加えて、instanceという新しい概念が登場します。instanceが同一であるルータのみ経路を交換する仕様になっています。
まずは、デフォルトでInstance IDが0になっている事を確認します。
まずは、デフォルトでInstance IDが0になっている事を確認します。
R1#show ipv6 ospf interface
FastEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
Link Local Address FE80::CE00:FFF:FE94:0, Interface ID 4
Area 0, Process ID 1, Instance ID 0, Router ID 1.1.1.1 <- Instance IDが0になっています。
Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 1
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State BDR, Priority 1
Designated Router (ID) 2.2.2.2, local address FE80::CE01:FFF:FE94:0
Backup Designated router (ID) 1.1.1.1, local address FE80::CE00:FFF:FE94:0
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
Hello due in 00:00:01
Index 1/1/1, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 0, maximum is 2
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 4 msec
Neighbor Count is 3, Adjacent neighbor count is 3
Adjacent with neighbor 4.4.4.4
Adjacent with neighbor 3.3.3.3
Adjacent with neighbor 2.2.2.2 (Designated Router)
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)
R1#
検証2 複数Instance環境の構築
- R1の設定
R1のinstance IDを変更します。設定を投入すると、R2, R3, R4とinstance IDが異なるため、neighborが切れた旨のメッセージを確認できます。
R1(config)#interface FastEthernet 0/0 R1(config-if)#ipv6 ospf 1 area 0 instance 1 R1(config-if)# *Mar 1 00:19:51.263: %OSPFv3-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 3.3.3.3 on FastEthernet0/0 from FULL to DOWN, Neighbor Down: Dead timer expired *Mar 1 00:19:52.811: %OSPFv3-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 2.2.2.2 on FastEthernet0/0 from FULL to DOWN, Neighbor Down: Dead timer expired *Mar 1 00:19:53.139: %OSPFv3-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 4.4.4.4 on FastEthernet0/0 from FULL to DOWN, Neighbor Down: Dead time expired R1(config-if)#
設定が反映されている事を確認します。
R1#show run | begin FastEthernet0/0
interface FastEthernet0/0
no ip address
duplex auto
speed auto
ipv6 address 2000::10:1/112
ipv6 ospf 1 area 0 instance 1 <- Instance IDを確認
!
interface FastEthernet0/1
no ip address
duplex auto
speed auto
!
R1#show ipv6 ospf interface
FastEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
Link Local Address FE80::CE00:FFF:FE94:0, Interface ID 4
Area 0, Process ID 1, Instance ID 1, Router ID 1.1.1.1 <- Instance IDを確認
Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 1
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State DR, Priority 1
Designated Router (ID) 1.1.1.1, local address FE80::CE00:FFF:FE94:0
No backup designated router on this network
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
Hello due in 00:00:01
Index 1/1/1, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 2
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 4 msec
Neighbor Count is 0, Adjacent neighbor count is 0
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)
R1#
- R2の設定
R2のInstance IDを変更します。設定を投入すると、R1とneighborを確立し、R3, R4とのneighborを切断する様子が読み取れます。
R2(config)#interface FastEthernet 0/0 R2(config-if)#ipv6 ospf 1 area 0 instance 1 R2# *Mar 1 00:21:32.255: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console *Mar 1 00:21:33.263: %OSPFv3-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 1.1.1.1 on FastEthernet0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done *Mar 1 00:22:00.603: %OSPFv3-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 3.3.3.3 on FastEthernet0/0 from FULL to DOWN, Neighbor Down: Dead timer expired *Mar 1 00:22:05.619: %OSPFv3-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 4.4.4.4 on FastEthernet0/0 from FULL to DOWN, Neighbor Down: Dead timer expired
設定が反映されている事を確認します。
R2#show running-config | begin FastEthernet0/0
interface FastEthernet0/0
no ip address
duplex auto
speed auto
ipv6 address 2000::10:2/112
ipv6 ospf 1 area 0 instance 1 <- Instance IDを確認
!
interface FastEthernet0/1
no ip address
duplex auto
speed auto
!
R2#
R2#show ipv6 ospf interface
FastEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
Link Local Address FE80::CE01:FFF:FE94:0, Interface ID 4
Area 0, Process ID 1, Instance ID 1, Router ID 2.2.2.2 <- Instance IDを確認
Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 1
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State DR, Priority 1
Designated Router (ID) 2.2.2.2, local address FE80::CE01:FFF:FE94:0
Backup Designated router (ID) 1.1.1.1, local address FE80::CE00:FFF:FE94:0
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
Hello due in 00:00:02
Index 1/1/1, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 2, maximum is 3
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 4 msec
Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1
Adjacent with neighbor 1.1.1.1 (Backup Designated Router)
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)
- ルーティングテーブルの確認
R1はR2とのみ経路を交換している事を確認します。
R1#show ipv6 ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Interface ID Interface
2.2.2.2 1 FULL/DR 00:00:33 4 FastEthernet0/0
R1#
R1#
R1#show ipv6 route
IPv6 Routing Table - 6 entries
Codes: C - Connected, L - Local, S - Static, R - RIP, B - BGP
U - Per-user Static route
I1 - ISIS L1, I2 - ISIS L2, IA - ISIS interarea, IS - ISIS summary
O - OSPF intra, OI - OSPF inter, OE1 - OSPF ext 1, OE2 - OSPF ext 2
ON1 - OSPF NSSA ext 1, ON2 - OSPF NSSA ext 2
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external
LC 2000::1:1/128 [0/0]
via ::, Loopback0
OE2 2000::2:2/128 [110/20]
via FE80::CE01:FFF:FE94:0, FastEthernet0/0 <- R2 Loopback 0への経路
C 2000::10:0/112 [0/0]
via ::, FastEthernet0/0
L 2000::10:1/128 [0/0]
via ::, FastEthernet0/0
L FE80::/10 [0/0]
via ::, Null0
L FF00::/8 [0/0]
via ::, Null0
R1#
R3はR4とのみ経路を交換している事を確認します
R3#show ipv6 ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Interface ID Interface
4.4.4.4 1 FULL/DR 00:00:37 4 FastEthernet0/0
R3#
R3#
R3#show ipv6 route
IPv6 Routing Table - 6 entries
Codes: C - Connected, L - Local, S - Static, R - RIP, B - BGP
U - Per-user Static route
I1 - ISIS L1, I2 - ISIS L2, IA - ISIS interarea, IS - ISIS summary
O - OSPF intra, OI - OSPF inter, OE1 - OSPF ext 1, OE2 - OSPF ext 2
ON1 - OSPF NSSA ext 1, ON2 - OSPF NSSA ext 2
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external
LC 2000::3:3/128 [0/0]
via ::, Loopback0
OE2 2000::4:4/128 [110/20]
via FE80::CE03:FFF:FE94:0, FastEthernet0/0 <- R4 Loopback 0への経路
C 2000::10:0/112 [0/0]
via ::, FastEthernet0/0
L 2000::10:3/128 [0/0]
via ::, FastEthernet0/0
L FE80::/10 [0/0]
via ::, Null0
L FF00::/8 [0/0]
via ::, Null0
R3#
- パケットの確認
OSPFv3のパケットをキャプチャします。OSPF header内に、Instance IDというフィールドが見られます。ルータはこの値を見て、同一Instanceであるかどうかを判断していると思われます。
