シヴィロペディア/建造物(Building)/固有施設2 - 2010/5/16のペリク鯖バックアップ

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Citadel (城塞) [#b2aab231]

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• スペインの城の代替である城塞は、火薬以前のユニットに対する都市の防御力を増加させ、その都市で生産される攻城兵器に追加の経験値を与えます。

• The Citadels, the Spanish replacements for The Castles, increase a city's defenses against pre-gunpowder units, and gives new siege units built there some extra experience.

• • Throughout history, men have built fortified structures to protect themselves from external enemies. These structures have taken many forms over the years, from simple ditches and walls to medieval castles to huge and complex "star" fortresses designed to protect against muskets and cannon. Citadels are large castle-like structures built in or adjacent to cities. They are designed to defend the city against external attack, and (often) to protect the city's rulers against internal revolt.

~During the fifteenth through seventeenth centuries, Spain was a mighty colonial power with cities scattered throughout the Caribbean and Central and South America, providing Spain with (among other things) enormous quantities of silver and gold. These cities were under constant threat of attack, both from European fleets and armies as well as from native uprisings. To protect its possessions, the Spanish built a series of mighty citadels in its most important cities. When properly garrisoned and supplied, these were extremely difficult to capture. Remnants of these Spanish citadels can still be seen throughout the New World - El Castillo San Felipe del Morro, in San Juan, Puerto Rico, is a fine example of Spanish defensive works.
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Trading Post (交易所) [#u8c2e1f3]

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• バイキングの灯台の代替である交易所は、水場での食料生産を改善し、その都市で生産される船に航海術I;の昇進を与えます。

• The The Trading Post, the Viking replacement for the The Lighthouse, improves the food output of water plots and gives the Navigation I; to ships built in that city.

• • Although they did seek to extend their empire through piracy and invasion, for much of the time the Vikings were merchants, with a trading network that extended from Greenland, Iceland, and Finland into the British Isles, Western Europe, and the Mediterranean. Viking merchants are known to have traded Russian slaves at Constantinople for silks and spices, and they brought furs and ivory from far-away Greenland to ports throughout Europe, North Africa and the Middle East.

~The earliest Viking trading posts were quite primitive settlements, consisting of simple dwellings and warehouses constructed of whatever local material was readily available. Over time many of the posts flourished, becoming important cities in their own rights. For example the Irish capitol of Dublin began its existence as a Viking trading post; and after being captured by the Vikings, the English city of York became a thriving trading center, second in importance only to London.
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Ikhanda (イカンダ) [#F8A9A5F4]

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• ズールーの兵舎の代替であるイカンダは、その都市で生産される兵士に経験値を与え、都市の維持費を低下させます。

• The Ikhandas, the Zulu replacements for The Barracks, grant experience points to troops built in their cities, and lower city maintenance costs.

• • Upon ascending to power, the great Zulu leader Shaka implemented a number of important civil and military reforms to his growing civilization. In addition to his important innovations to Zulu warfare - he is often credited with the invention of the famous Zulu "buffalo horns" formation, as well as the introduction of the "iklwa," a short stabbing spear that proved enormously successful in combat - Shaka also reorganized Zulu society to better support his military ambitions.

~At the age of six, young boys joined Shaka's military as apprentice warriors. (This is a surprising parallel to the way that Spartan boys were raised - though it's unlikely that Shaka every heard of the Spartans.) The young warriors were trained in "ikhanda" (special military camps). During their training the Zulu boys were imbued with military fervor, put through rigorous physical exercise, and of course instructed in the use of the Zulu's powerful weapons. In battle they carried supplies and extra weapons for the warriors, and it is believed that they occasionally went out on hit-and-run raids against less dangerous enemy tribes. When the boys reached the appropriate age, they became full-fledged warriors. As a result the Zulu warriors were among the bravest and best-trained soldiers in the world.

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Totem Pole(トーテムポール) [#eceaf2e9]

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• モニュメントを代替するネイティブアメリカンの固有施設です。通常の効果に加えこの都市で生産される弓兵に追加の経験値を与えます。
• The Totem Pole, the Native American replacement for the Monument, grants archery units three bonus experience in addition to the usual culture bonus.
  • Totem Poles were a tradition of the Native American tribes of the Pacific Northwest. Built from Oregon to Alaska, the Totem Pole is a visual representation of various tribal legends or important occurrences. While not worshipped, Totem Poles were often revered as symbols of wealth and common heritage. Yet some Totem Poles acted as warnings, rather than testaments. "Shame Poles" could be constructed to remind a tribe of a particular debt or offense. One particularly controversial pole, now found in the Alaska State Museum, bears the image of President Abraham Lincoln. Some claim that the "Lincoln Pole" was built to honor the passage of the Emancipation Proclamation, while many believe that it was built to mourn the wealth lost by the Tlingits tribe when forced to free their slaves.

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Stele(石碑) [#sbd2e160]

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• モニュメントを代替するエチオピアの固有施設です。通常の効果に加え都市の文化産出を増幅します。
  • 石碑とは木材か石材、どちららかで作られたモニュメントで、葬祭の記念から、もしくは公共的な目的から建てられました。また、石碑は拡大した領土の目印としても度々使用されました。最も良い歴史的な記録を文明に与えるためには、より長持ちする材質で石碑は作られました。アクスム王国は現在のエチオピア、イエメン、サウジアラビア南部、ソマリア北部、ジブチとスーダン北部に大きな石碑を幾つも建てました。この石碑はアクスム朝エチオピアの都市で王や高貴な人物たちの墓を記念した物です。

• The Stele, the Ethiopian replacement for the Monument, provides a major bonus to Culture output in your city.
  • A Stele is a monument made of either wood or rock, erected for commemorative, funerary, or official purposes. In addition, Stelai would sometimes be used as territorial markers. Stelai have often provided some of the best historical records of a civilization, due to the lasting nature of the materials with which they were made. The Kingdom of Aksum, which encompassed Ethiopia, Yemen, southern Saudi Arabia, northern Somalia, Djibouti and northern Sudan, erected some of the largest Stelai in the world. These Stelai, located in the city of Aksum in Ethiopia, mark the graves of Aksum's kings and nobles.

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Baray(貯水池) [#l1535ee3]

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• 上水道を代替するクメールの固有施設です。通常の効果に加え食料を産出します。
• The Baray, the Khmer replacement for the Aqueduct, provides a food bonus, in addition to the usual health bonus. A Baray is needed to construct The Hanging Gardens.
  • First built under the reign of the Khmer King Yasodharapura, Barays were massive reservoirs designed to provide sustenance and clean water for the surrounding populace. The first Baray, known as the East Baray, was constructed in the late ninth century. The above-ground levee relied on a series of huge earthen walls to catch falling rain water in the reservoirs, which were capable of holding over 60 million cubic meters of liquid. A second Baray, the Western Baray, was built under the reign of Suryavarman I. The Western Baray was similar in design to the first, if a bit larger, to provide for the increased Khmer population. This new Baray would become an invaluable source of sustenance as the kingdom of Khmer reached new heights under the reign of Suryavarman II.

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Hippodrome(競馬場) [#v93c0f51]

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• 劇場を代替するビザンツの固有施設です。幸福を生み出し、馬へのアクセスがあれば更に幸福を追加します。文化スライダーによる幸福の増幅力も高まっています。
  • 競馬場(ギリシャ語で"馬の道")は203年に皇帝セプティミウス・セヴェルスがコンスタンティノプールに建設しました。それは大規模なチャリオットレースの開催地として建造されました。競馬場でチャリオットレースは芸術として大きな進化をとげました。最も速い四頭の馬はこの開催地で多くの名声とビザンティンの歴史の中でも最も酷い一つの大虐殺の巻き添えになりました。ニカの反乱の間ずっと、レースの派閥のライバル同士の間で残忍な暴動が起こり、三万人の暴徒の殆どが競馬場の中でビザンティンの軍隊に殺害されました。

• The Hippodrome, the Byzantine replacement for the Theatre, provides a bonus to happiness, an extra happiness for access to Horses and an increased happiness bonus from money dedicated to your cultural slider.
  • The Hippodrome of Constantinople (literally "Horse Path" in Greek) was constructed in 203 AD by the Emperor Septimius Severus. The building was a massive venue for chariot races. While the art of charioteering saw great advances in the Hippodrome - the first four-horse races were held here - much of the venue's renown would stem from it involvement in one of the most terrible massacres in Byzantine history. During the Nika Revolts, a brutal uprising between rival racing factions, nearly 30000 rioters were slain by Byzantine troops within the Hippodrome.

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Ball Court(球技場) [#n1f96158]

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• コロシアムを代替するマヤの固有施設です。産出する幸福が1つから3つに強化されています。
• Build the Ball Court, the Mayan replacement for the Colosseum, to provide cities with three happiness instead of one.
  • The Mesoamerican "Ball Game" (no native name has ever surfaced for the sport) originated in Southern Mexico, roughly two thousand years before the Common Era. By the time of the arrival of the Spanish, the game had become popular throughout Mexico, Guatemala and Belize, drawing crowds from both the upper echelons of society and the masses. While much of the game is still not understood, what is known is that two teams of two to four players each took to the field with the goal of keeping a small, rubber ball in the air by bouncing it off arms, hips and thighs. How the winner was decided is not known, but we do know that the losers often became the next sacrifice to the gods.[PARAGRAPH:1]The Ball Court held a deep religious significance for the Maya. Mayan Kings would often reenact a famous game between the God of the Underworld and the Heroes from the Popol Vuh, a Mayan sacred text. The King's victory on the Ball Court was said to be an omen of the continued survival of his city.

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Garden(庭園) [#j96568ba]

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• コロシアムを代替するバビロニアの固有施設です。通常の効果に加え衛生+2を提供します。
  • 近代的な国家において、庭園は食料の栽培という役割よりも芸術的な特徴の方が尊重されます。ですがバビロニアのような古代の文明であれば、庭園は都市に住む世帯にとっての重要な栄養分の源であり、そうでなければ十分な種類の食料を他と交換する事ができませんでした。

• The Garden, the Babylonian replacement for the Colosseum, provides two bonus health in addition to the usual happiness bonus.
  • In modern, developed countries, gardens are often more valued for their aesthetic qualities than for their food growing functionality. However, in ancient civilizations such as Babylonia, gardens were an important source of nutrition for city dwelling families who otherwise could not purchase an adequate variety of food.

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Ziggurat(ジッグラト) [#u3483316]

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• 裁判所を代替するシュメールの固有施設です。建造に必要なハンマーが少なくなっています。
  • ジッグラトは古代シュメール人が宗教的な中心地で神へ捧げた物でした。それぞれの神殿が、頂点とより小さいものを持ち上げ、上に連続して層を造る構造でした。全ての都市で特定の一つの神にジッグラトが捧げられていました。その個々の神殿をシュメール人は順位をつけることなく崇拝しましたが、実際はその都市の神を信仰しました。元々は神の出身地である遠くの山を信仰していましたが、ジッグラトは神がその都市に住む為に作るよう命令した住居であると考えられました。

• Constructing the Ziggurat, the Sumerian replacement for the Courthouses, requires fewer hammers than its generic counterpart.
  • The Ziggurats were religious centers dedicated to the gods of ancient Sumeria. Each was comprised of a temple built upon of a series of tiered, earthen platforms, raising the building atop and dwarfing the surrounding structures. Every city's Ziggurat was dedicated to one specific god. These individual dedications sprung from the Sumerian belief that each temple was not a place of worship, but the actual home of the god. Belief held that the gods originated from the distant mountains, and it is thought that the ziggurats were raised in order to make the new dwellings of the gods a little more like home.

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Rathaus(市庁舎) [#ha26c036]

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• 裁判所を代替する神聖ローマ帝国の固有施設です。都市の維持費を大幅に削減します。
• The Rathaus, the Holy Roman replacement for the Courthouses, greatly reduces maintenance in your cities.
  • In German towns and cities the Rathaus was a central location used primarily for town council meetings and other official business. It was also used as a large meeting space for interest groups as well as for other activities, depending on the town's policies. Germany has several famous rathauses, including the Rathaus Schöneberg. The Rathaus Schöneberg was built in the Berlin borough of Tempelhof-Schöneberg between 1911 and 1914 before Schöneberg was absorbed by Berlin. After World War II, the Rathaus Schöneberg served as the temporary seat of government for West Berlin. Upon the destruction of the Berlin wall in 1989 the Rathaus reverted once again to its original function as City Hall of Schöneberg.

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Feitoria(商館) [#cfb00ea8]

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• 税関を代替するポルトガルの固有施設です。通常の効果に加え水タイルの商業産出を高めます。
  • 商館はポルトガルの貿易の拠点です。植民地時代の間ずっとポルトガルの拡大に欠かす事のできないヨーロッパと極東、後のアメリカ大陸との間での貿易のネットワークでした。それらは船が限界まで立ち寄る余裕のある安全な港で、多くの乗組員に消耗した物資の補充と休息の場を与えました。

• The Feitoria, the Portuguese replacement for the Customs House, provides a commerce bonus from all water tiles worked by a city in addition to the usual foreign trade route bonus.
  • The Feitoria is a Portuguese trading post. During the colonial era Feitorias were essential to the Portuguese in expanding their trade network between Europe, the Far East, and eventually the Americas. They afforded ships with limited range a safe port of call to refill depleted supplies and give their crews much needed rest.

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Dike(オランダ堤) [#t316a96e]

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• 堤防を代替するオランダの固有施設です。通常の効果に加え水タイルのハンマー産出を高めます
• The Dike, the Dutch replacement for the Levee, provides a production bonus from all water tiles worked by a city, in addition to river tiles.
  • Dikes are walls of earth or stone, used to entrap or hold back water. Often built as a protection against flooding, the dike has come to characterize the Netherlands, with significant portions of the country actually lying below sea level. Dikes, while a necessity for the country's continued survival (and independence from foreign towel imports), were occasionally used as a clever tactic for self-defense. During the Siege of Leiden in the midst of the Eighty Years War, Dutch leader Willem van Oranje's men cut the dykes around the city, flooding the positions of the opposing Spanish and driving the invaders back before the sea.